{"id":350,"date":"2025-01-15T17:45:14","date_gmt":"2025-01-15T17:45:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.trevor-mendham.com\/philosophy\/?page_id=350"},"modified":"2025-01-15T17:45:14","modified_gmt":"2025-01-15T17:45:14","slug":"term-dualism","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.trevor-mendham.com\/philosophy\/term-dualism\/","title":{"rendered":"Dualism"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>In consciousness studies, dualism refers to the idea that consciousness is the result of something other than the purely physical world associated with current science. It&#8217;s important to note that dualism does not necessarily imply something spooky, supernatural or religious &#8211; just something &#8220;other&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p>There are several forms of dualism, including:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Predicate Dualism. This is the idea that mental states cannot be reduced to physical predicates. I think of this as &#8216;descriptive dualism&#8217;.<\/li>\n<li>Property Dualism. This idea means that consciousness is a result of currently unknown properties of the physical universe. I think of this as &#8216;undiscovered dualism&#8217;.<\/li>\n<li>Substance Dualism. Here, dualism refers to a fundamentally different sort of object than those in the physical universe. I think of this as &#8216;true dualism&#8217;.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>My position is that I am &#8211; currently &#8211; a reluctant true dualist. There are many issues with true dualism &#8211; not least being the effect on science of breaking the causal closure of the physical universe. However I do not believe that any of the physicalist theories can account for phenomenal consciousness and free will.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In consciousness studies, dualism refers to the idea that consciousness is the result of something other than the purely physical world associated with current science. It&#8217;s important to note that dualism does not necessarily imply something spooky, supernatural or religious &#8211; just something &#8220;other&#8221;. There are several forms of dualism, including: Predicate Dualism. This is&hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.trevor-mendham.com\/philosophy\/term-dualism\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Dualism<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-350","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.trevor-mendham.com\/philosophy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/350","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.trevor-mendham.com\/philosophy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.trevor-mendham.com\/philosophy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.trevor-mendham.com\/philosophy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.trevor-mendham.com\/philosophy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=350"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.trevor-mendham.com\/philosophy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/350\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":359,"href":"https:\/\/www.trevor-mendham.com\/philosophy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/350\/revisions\/359"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.trevor-mendham.com\/philosophy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=350"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}